Global valve technological development tendency

Complete level

　　20 for many years, along with the overseas large-scale complete set technology's development, presented a series of new complete sets of equipment and the single plane. The characteristic which develops with the valve related new complete set of equipment is the large scale, the high parametrization, the high performance automation and the complete set.

　　Refining equipment: Biggest refinery 36,400,000 t/years (Caribbean Sea's Virgin Islands), 30,000,000 t/years (Venezuela). At present 20,000,000 t/year above refinery has nearly 30.

　　Greatest unit refinery installment handling ability: Often the decompressor 24,000,000 t/years, the catalytic cracker 8,240,000 t/years, rallying installs 5,690,000 t/years, the hydrocracking unit 3,200,000 t/years.

　　The oil, the gas long lose the pipeline equipment: In recent years, long lost the pipeline development to be very quick. Its primary cause one is the cost is low, is only equal to the railway transportation 1/3; Second, installs underground in underground, is not easy to destroy; Third, the pipeline construction speed is quick, investment province.

　　Longest oil line 4830Km (Iran) and 4665Km (former Soviet Union, friendship line). Longest transportation oil quality pipeline 4578km (US, Houston to New York).

　　Longest brake pipe 7680km (from Alaska after Canada to the US west).

　　The biggest pipeline diameter 1620 and plan to construct 2500.

　　The highest pipeline feed pressure is 9~12MPa.

　　Synthetic ammonia equipment: Biggest 540,000 t/year and 500,000 t/years.

　　Ethylene equipment: Ceiling capacity 500,000 t/years to 800,000 t/years.

　　Generating set biggest unit capacity: Two axle thermal power unit l 300,000 kW (the US, Switzerland makes), single axle thermal power unit 1,200,000 kw (former Soviet Union), most macronucleus electrical machinery 1,300,000 kW (Germany)

　　With these complete set of equipment necessary valve biggest latus rectum and top pressure: Biggest plate gate valve latus rectum 1620mm,2000 and 3050roll (US, Japan); Biggest reed valve latus rectum 9750mm (British package of article corporate design, Switzerland makes); Biggest ball valve latus rectum 3050mm, did not calculate that the drive weight 184t (Switzerland makes, American Tian Nazhou): The most spate uses gate valve latus rectum 2750mm,9MPa (Japan).

　　Equipment large scale economic effect: Summarized said; first, enhancement production efficiency; second, reduced the initial cost; third, fell the low plain to burn the material consumption.

　　By the year handling ability 5,000,000 t refining equipment with 1,000,000 t comparisons, each t product manufacturing ability's investment reduce 50%.

　　A 6,000,000 t/year refinery compares with two 3,000,000 t/year's refinery, the investment is only equal to the latter 69%, the steel products consumption is 53%, the area is 54%, the production cost is 75%, but the labor productivity actually enhances to l70%.

　　Yearly produces 200,000 t synthetic ammonia equipment's each ton product to consume the electricity is 1450kW.h, the newly built annual production 460,000 t installment's each ton product power consumption drop is 50kw/h. Is only equal to 200,000 t level equipment power consumption 1/29.

　　600,000 kW power set compares with 200,000 units, the equipment specific power construction cost drops 10%~20%, the power plant construction expense, the specific power, the steel products consumption and the manufacture man-hour reduces 20%.

　　Complete set of equipment automation level, overseas petroleum chemical industry. The enterprise main production process already realized the direct digital control, some have also realized the computation fuselage cascade control. Chemical enterprises and so on synthetic ammonia ethylene, urea, synthetic fiber, synthetic rubber and synthetic plastics realize the tour examination, the warning, some to realize the closed-loop control and the partial optimization control generally. Above 200,000 kW large-scale power set generally to computer control development. The nuclear power station uses the computer control generally. Long loses pipe system many countries with the computer control, and is loaded with the microwave communication system, the master control room has 2---3 attendants. May through the television surveillance entire line working condition.

　　Above these complete set of equipment's control mode also requests the valve to adapt with it. Therefore, in the recent 20 years, the overseas valve's control mode also has the very big development. Except that general manual, mobile, electrically operated, air operated, the fluid moves outside the transmission, the battery solution gearing, the gas fluid, automatic control's valve variety increases unceasingly continually, and has further development tendency.

　　Series variety level

　　Along with each kind of complete set of equipment, the technical process and the performance improvement, the overseas valve's series variety unceasingly is also increasing, in recent years presented many new variety valves. For example: The urgent trip valve, the fast switch valve, the fire resisting damper, against static electricity valve, reduce the warm pressure relief valve, the butterfly check valve, the decompression valve, the vacuum clamp cover valve, the water cooling or the air-cooling valve, the security gate valve, the security cut-off valve and so on many kinds of new style valves, in the general valve the ball valve, the reed valve and the plate gate valve are for 20 years develop the quickest valve variety. At present the overseas highest valve basic strokes parameter introduces to visit shows.

　　Valve product quality level

　　A. seal reliability. Overseas according to closure seal degree stipulation use and choice product, and carries on the classification to the seal degree, generally divides into three ranks. First-level, second-level uses in the leak-proof quality requesting the high place, third-level uses in the general mesolow industry valve. Although the leakage value is different, but actually has the leakage quantity stipulation. The overseas valve leakage quantity has the standard.

　　B. valve switching time. Certain valve request opens or the closure in the very short time. A switching time length symbolizes the valve performance fit and unfit quality. American certain valve switching time already achieved a millisecond degree. If the AMES Research center opens six inch 300 pound levels the gate valve only to need 1ms, the medium caliber DN350~400 fast switch valve only then 0.6s, the switch ball valve's time achieves 0.05~O.1s, supersonic which the Japanese Okano Valve Company makes

　　The fast high-temperature valve, opening time is 1s, the medium is the air, DN40, PNl4MPa, the operating temperature for 1267℃, medium speed of flow for speed of sound 11 times, 3640m/s.

　　Fabrication technology level

　　Casting aspect: The overseas casting adds the electric stove for the furnace cupola twin, the cast steel adds the fining for the electric stove. The molten metal quality is high, the chemical composition is stable, the modelling is the resin granulated substance, the moist membrane (mechanized modelling approximately composes 50%) most from the generatrix or the machine shaping is the microcomputer control, the equipment is advanced, the casting size precision is high, the surface bright and clean, the clear granulated substance method is good.

　　Forging aspect: Overseas majority uses the drop forging, and already used the multi-direction drop forging and the closed membrane hammers. The forging quality is high, the material use factor is highest may reach 95%. The biggest forging latus rectum may reach DN500.

　　Heat treatment aspect: The overseas heat treatment majority of already used the controllable heat treatment. If the Japanese controllable processing has approximately composed 70% ˇ 80%, but also some use vacuum heat treatment. The nitriding has also used the ionic nitriding, the tufftride, the chemical treatment and so on new craft.

　　Machine-finishing aspect: The overseas processing equipment already the automation, the numerical control and had already used the machining center, but also some application group control equipment carried on the processing, to use the underwriter generally and machine clamp the type cutting tool, the digital measuring instrument, the equipment had the special-purpose clean Assembly shop, the test equipment are advanced, are complete, the leakage quantity examination method was advanced.

　　Specification variety and technical standard level

　　Looked from the specification that Japan approximately has 8000 specifications, the former Soviet Union has 28000 specifications, many valves are change the material, the connection pattern and the size in the type form the multi-varieties “to derive the valve”. In the world the industrially advanced country production's valve material reaches hundred kinds, the steel casting aluminum has 50-60 kind of many, particularly the ultra low-carbon steel series are many, the development is very quick, thus overseas valve product adaptiveness is very strong. Therefore, the valve standard which adapts with it are also many, only the former Soviet Union has 355 items, Germany has 177 items, the French 117 items and so on, the overseas technical standards pay great attention product performance, quality and reliability and so on comprehensive the aspect targets.